Plant Pathology
Ongoing Institute Project: Disease development in crops under Jhum cultivation of Nagaland - its analysis and management
Survey was conducted at three villages of Mon district to identify the major diseases of Jhum crops (paddy, colocasia, beans, ginger and chilli). Jhum paddy is infected by blast disease, leaf spot or blight is a major problem of colocasia, anthracnose is common in the beans and wilt disease have become hindrance in ginger production. Germplasm of colocasia (110 nos.) collected from different parts of Nagaland are maintained in the institute on which disease incidence of Phytophthora blight was studied during the later part of the crop growth. The results show that almost all the accessions are susceptible to the disease. The results shall be confirmed with the next year data.
Routine Research Activities:
Disease Record
The disease, Sclerotinia wilt in sunflower, was observed for the first time in Nagaland, in the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for NEHR, Nagaland Centre. The disease was initiated at 50-60 days after sowing with the development of collar rot; leaf blight and head rot symptoms. The pathogen was isolated and cultured on PDA media. Symptoms and mycological studies confirm the identity of the pathogen as S. sclerotiorum. Pathogenicity test conducted produced the similar symptoms on sunflower seedlings.
Survey was conducted at three villages of Mon district to identify the major diseases of Jhum crops (paddy, colocasia, beans, ginger and chilli). Jhum paddy is infected by blast disease, leaf spot or blight is a major problem of colocasia, anthracnose is common in the beans and wilt disease have become hindrance in ginger production. Germplasm of colocasia (110 nos.) collected from different parts of Nagaland are maintained in the institute on which disease incidence of Phytophthora blight was studied during the later part of the crop growth. The results show that almost all the accessions are susceptible to the disease. The results shall be confirmed with the next year data.
Routine Research Activities:
Disease Record
The disease, Sclerotinia wilt in sunflower, was observed for the first time in Nagaland, in the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for NEHR, Nagaland Centre. The disease was initiated at 50-60 days after sowing with the development of collar rot; leaf blight and head rot symptoms. The pathogen was isolated and cultured on PDA media. Symptoms and mycological studies confirm the identity of the pathogen as S. sclerotiorum. Pathogenicity test conducted produced the similar symptoms on sunflower seedlings.
Leaf blight
Head rot
Wilting
Scientific oyster mushroom cultivation
Mushrooms are accepted as an ideal health food and an efficient tool for recycling of organic wastes as well as a source of subsidiary income. The institute has been organizing on and off campus trainings and demonstrations on various aspects of distinguishing edible and poisonous mushrooms, low cost year round organic production technology, management of mushroom units and processing and preservation technologies. Through these trainings, demonstrations and personal contacts/visits, during the period of report, 200 numbers of beneficiaries comprising of practicing farmers, farm women and rural youths of different districts like Mon, Kohima, Peren, Wokha, Longleng, Zhuneboto are benefitted. Supply of high quality spawns of different species of oyster mushroom which can be grown in summer and winter season are made available to the growers throughout the year. On an average during the peak season, 400 packets of 200gm spawn is supplied to beneficiaries from all the districts, NGOs from the state and neighbouring states. Records show that on an average from a mushroom bed prepared out of 2kg of paddy straw and 200gm spawn produce 800gm-1.25kg of fresh mushroom. ICAR, Nagaland Centre, has revolutionized mushroom production in the state by providing technical guidance to the local budding entrepreneurs and as a result mushroom production is gearing up in the two newly developed low cost mushroom production units for beneficiaries at Medziphema, Kukidolong village under TSP on Horticulture based Farming System and TSP on Mushroom cultivation for subsidiary income and nutritional security in a participatory mode. Each unit has the capacity to hold 150 - 200 beds made by block and polybag method. Evaluation and documentation of these units are in progress.
Mushrooms are accepted as an ideal health food and an efficient tool for recycling of organic wastes as well as a source of subsidiary income. The institute has been organizing on and off campus trainings and demonstrations on various aspects of distinguishing edible and poisonous mushrooms, low cost year round organic production technology, management of mushroom units and processing and preservation technologies. Through these trainings, demonstrations and personal contacts/visits, during the period of report, 200 numbers of beneficiaries comprising of practicing farmers, farm women and rural youths of different districts like Mon, Kohima, Peren, Wokha, Longleng, Zhuneboto are benefitted. Supply of high quality spawns of different species of oyster mushroom which can be grown in summer and winter season are made available to the growers throughout the year. On an average during the peak season, 400 packets of 200gm spawn is supplied to beneficiaries from all the districts, NGOs from the state and neighbouring states. Records show that on an average from a mushroom bed prepared out of 2kg of paddy straw and 200gm spawn produce 800gm-1.25kg of fresh mushroom. ICAR, Nagaland Centre, has revolutionized mushroom production in the state by providing technical guidance to the local budding entrepreneurs and as a result mushroom production is gearing up in the two newly developed low cost mushroom production units for beneficiaries at Medziphema, Kukidolong village under TSP on Horticulture based Farming System and TSP on Mushroom cultivation for subsidiary income and nutritional security in a participatory mode. Each unit has the capacity to hold 150 - 200 beds made by block and polybag method. Evaluation and documentation of these units are in progress.
Spawn Packets
Hands on Training
Mushroom unit at Kukidolong
Extension: Technology Transfer /Farmers Training:
• Organized one day “Hands on training on scientific mushroom cultivation’ under Horticulture Technology
Mission to mark Technology Week celebrations for 38 farmers and rural youth on 22nd September, 2012.
• Organized one day “Hands on training on scientific mushroom cultivation’ under Horticulture Technology
Mission to mark Technology Week celebrations for 38 farmers and rural youth on 22nd September, 2012.
• Delivered lecture on “Diseases of maize” on 10th July in two days training programme on Package and
practices of maize organized by KVK, Dimapur sponsored by DMR, New Delhi.
• Training and demonstration done on “Oyster mushroom production technology” on 25th August for 22
handicapped participants in training programme organized by People In Need Foundation - NGO at Bade
village, Dimapur.
• Organized one day training programme on “Integrated management of the major diseases of maize and rice”
under NICRA for 35 farmers and rural youth on 20th November, 2012.
• Training and demonstration done on “Oyster mushroom cultivation” on 6th December, 2012 for 29 farmers and
rural youth in training programme organized under NAIP project at Lampong Shenghah village, Mon.
• Acted as resource person on one day training cum demonstration by NEEPCO, Assam Gas Based Power
Plant, Bokuloni, Dibrugarh on “Encouraging Local Food Production with emphasis on Mushroom Production”
for 32 farmers and rural youth on 11th January 2013.
• Organized two days “Hands on training on scientific mushroom production and processing” under Horticulture
Technology Mission for 32 farmers and rural youth on 15th and 16th January 2013.
practices of maize organized by KVK, Dimapur sponsored by DMR, New Delhi.
• Training and demonstration done on “Oyster mushroom production technology” on 25th August for 22
handicapped participants in training programme organized by People In Need Foundation - NGO at Bade
village, Dimapur.
• Organized one day training programme on “Integrated management of the major diseases of maize and rice”
under NICRA for 35 farmers and rural youth on 20th November, 2012.
• Training and demonstration done on “Oyster mushroom cultivation” on 6th December, 2012 for 29 farmers and
rural youth in training programme organized under NAIP project at Lampong Shenghah village, Mon.
• Acted as resource person on one day training cum demonstration by NEEPCO, Assam Gas Based Power
Plant, Bokuloni, Dibrugarh on “Encouraging Local Food Production with emphasis on Mushroom Production”
for 32 farmers and rural youth on 11th January 2013.
• Organized two days “Hands on training on scientific mushroom production and processing” under Horticulture
Technology Mission for 32 farmers and rural youth on 15th and 16th January 2013.
• Delivered lecture on “Scientific mushroom cultivation technology” on 17th January to 127 participants of two
days training programme conducted by Sunipun Educated Unemployed Farmers Association at Dhansiri
subdivision, Shorupathar, Golaghat district, Assam.
• Organized one day training cum demonstration on “Year round mushroom cultivation” under Tribal Sub Plan on
Mushroom for 62 farmers and rural youth at Kuki Baptist Church, Ahthibung, Peren on 26th February, 2013.
• Organized one day “Plant clinic and soil health camp” at Bade village of Dimapur district on 25th September,
2012.
days training programme conducted by Sunipun Educated Unemployed Farmers Association at Dhansiri
subdivision, Shorupathar, Golaghat district, Assam.
• Organized one day training cum demonstration on “Year round mushroom cultivation” under Tribal Sub Plan on
Mushroom for 62 farmers and rural youth at Kuki Baptist Church, Ahthibung, Peren on 26th February, 2013.
• Organized one day “Plant clinic and soil health camp” at Bade village of Dimapur district on 25th September,
2012.
